The Extended National Consumer Price Index -15 (IPCA-15) changed by 0.40% in June, having recorded a rate almost 50% smaller than in May (0.86%). This is the lowest IPCA-15 result a month of June since year 2013, when the recorded figure was 0.38%. IPCA-E, that is, the cumulative IPCA-15 per year, statyed at 1.78%, below the rate of 2.68% relative to the same period in 2015. As a result, the first semestre of the year has a rate of 4.62%, significantly below that of the first semestre of the previous year (6.28%). Consideraing the last 12 months, the index fell to 8.98%, and was 9.62% for the 12 months ended in May. The rate of June 2015 was 0.99%. Additional information on the IPCA-15 is available here.

Deceleration of rates was observed in the rates of most groups and services surveyed in the previous month. Housing (1.13%), Personal expenses (0.89%) and Household articles (0.57%) were the exceptions, according to the table below.

Among the groups, Housing (1.13%) had the highest index, the main highlights being water and sewage fares, which increased 4.50% and accounted for the main individual impact on the monthly index (0.07 percentage points). The performance of some metropolitan areas contributed to this result: Belo Horizonte (13.20%), where there was price adjustment by 13.90% on May 13, besides  revision of the tax policy adopted by the supply company; São Paulo (7.79%), with price adjustment of 8.40% on May 12; Brasília (3.48%), reflecting the adjustment of 7.95% on July 1st; Fortaleza (3.33%), where the price rise to 11.96% has been in effect since April 23 and Salvador (2.80%), with rise of 9.98% on June 06.

Besides, the items electricity (1.37%), condominium fees (0.76%) and cleaning products (0.68%) also contributed to the to the increase of expenses with Housing (1.13%).

In the case of enlectricity, the rise of 1.37% came from the results of the following metropolitan areas: Recife(7.39%), with price adjustment of 11.66% in effect since April 29; Salvador (5.79%), with rise of 10.72% in effect since April 23; Belo Horizonte (3.80%), with adjustment of 3.78% on May 28; Fortaleza (2.48%), with rise of 12.97% in effect since April 22. Besides, except for Curitiba, electricity bills were influenced by increase or decrease in parcels relative to PIS/COFINS.

In the group Personal expenses (0.89%), a highlight was the item cigarette, whose prices rose 5.44% after adjustments ranging from 3% to 14%, depending on the brand, in all the areas. In the group Household articles(0.57%), the highlight was the item TV sound and computer equipment, with a change of 2.15%.

The other groups of products and services contributed to the deceleration of IPCA-15, especially Health and personal care (1.03%), Food and beverages (0.35%) and Transportation (-0.69%).

In Health and personal care (1.03%), medicines was a highlight with prices 1.11% higher, after a rise of 6.50% in May, resulting in 11.29% in the quarter. The price adjustment of 12.50% garnted by the National Agency of Sanitary Surveillance – ANVISA went into effect on April 1st. Personal hygiene articles , with a rise of 1.26% is also a highlight.

In the group Food and beverages (0.35%), several products recorded price decrease from May to June, for example, carrot (-25.63%), acai berry (-9,.6%), tomato (-8.10%), fruit (-5.43%) and green vegetables(-3.82%). However, other significant products in terms of consumption by families, pinto beans (16.38%) andmilk (5.35%) recorded significant price rise.

As for the group Transportation (-0.69%), decrease resulted, mainly, from ethanol, which became 6.60% cheaper. It influenced gasoline, the liter of which fell by 1.19%, and also air fares , which recorded a 4.11% decrease.

Considering regional figures, Belo Horizonte, with 0.81%, recorded the highest index. This result came from the contributions of water and sewage fares (13.20%), with adjustment of 13.90% on May 13, and of electricity, with 3.80%, given the rise of the fare by 3.78% in effect since May 28. The smallest index came from Brasília,with decrease of 0.02%.

In order to estimate IPCA-15, prices were collected from May 14 to June 14 (reference) and compared with those in effect from April 14 to May 13 (base). The indicator refers to families with monthly income of 1 to 40 minimum wages and encompasses the Metropolitan Areas of Rio de Janeiro, Porto Alegre, Belo Horizonte, Recife, São Paulo, Belém, Fortaleza, Salvador, Curitiba, and also Brasília and Goiânia. The methodology is the same as that of the IPCA; the difference lies in the period of price collection and in survey the geographic coverage.